Guardexpert pro: application-centric IoT solution for guard touring system

Internet of Things (IoT) technology promotes remote data acquisition and device control across wireless network infrastructure and is a catalyst for increasing internet-connected applications. This paper presents the development of an IoT based application for a guard touring system (GTS). A traditional GTS lacks real-time functionalities such as data upload, multitasking, summon features as well as competitive pricing. It is proven that the developed IoT based GTS, which consists of an Android application, web browser and cloud database, enables easy deployment and monitoring of guard’s patrolling activities. The performance analysis shows that the accuracy for Global Positioning System (GPS) location tracking has by default a 68% confidence level within a set geo-fencing radius of 25 meters while the end-to-end delay is about one minute over cellular and Wi-Fi networks from a test run within UTM campus

A service oriented middleware for smart home and ambient assisted living

Due to the complexity issue of developing heterogeneous Wireless Sensor Network application such as limited reusability, non-scalability, tight coupling between platform and application, a new middleware needs to be introduced to solve these problems. A distributed system framework such as Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) can definitely resolve these issues. SOA framework is able to hide the complexity lower layer to the application programmer and also create modular programming that can support different platforms. This paper aims to provide the service oriented middleware that supports heterogeneous services in Smart Home and Ambient Assisted Living (SHAAL) application

Machine learning based lightweight interference mitigation scheme for wireless sensor network

The interference issue is most vibrant on low-powered networks like wireless sensor network (WSN). In some cases, the heavy interference on WSN from different technologies and devices result in life threatening situations. In this paper, a machine learning (ML) based lightweight interference mitigation scheme for WSN is proposed. The scheme detects and identifies heterogeneous interference like Wifi, bluetooth and microwave oven using a lightweight feature extraction method and ML lightweight decision tree. It also provides WSN an adaptive interference mitigation solution by helping to choose packet scheduling, Acknowledgement (ACK)-retransmission or channel switching as the best countermeasure. The scheme is simulated with test data to evaluate the accuracy performance and the memory consumption. Evaluation of the proposed scheme’s memory profile shows a 14% memory saving compared to a fast fourier transform (FFT) based periodicity estimation technique and 3% less memory compared to logistic regression-based ML model, hence proving the scheme is lightweight. The validation test shows the scheme has a high accuracy at 95.24%. It shows a precision of 100% in detecting WiFi and microwave oven interference while a 90% precision in detecting bluetooth interference

A hybrid predictive technique for lossless image compression

Compression of images is of great interest in applications where efficiency with respect to data storage or transmission bandwidth is sought.The rapid growth of social media and digital networks have given rise to huge amount of image data being accessed and exchanged daily. However, the larger the image size, the longer it takes to transmit and archive. In other words, high quality images require huge amount of transmission bandwidth and storage space. Suitable image compression can help in reducing the image size and improving transmission speed. Lossless image compression is especially crucial in fields such as remote sensing healthcare network, security and military applications as the quality of images needs to be maintained to avoid any errors during analysis or diagnosis. In this paper, a hybrid prediction lossless image compression algorithm is proposed to address these issues. The algorithm is achieved by combining predictive Differential Pulse Code Modulation (DPCM) and Integer Wavelet Transform (IWT). Entropy and compression ratio calculation are used to analyze the performance of the designed coding. The analysis shows that the best hybrid predictive algorithm is the sequence of DPCM-IWT-Huffman which has bits sizes reduced by 36%, 48%, 34% and 13% for tested images of Lena, Cameraman, Pepper and Baboon, respectively

Lightweight IoT middleware for rapid application development

Sensors connected to the cloud services equipped with data analytics has created a plethora of new type of applications ranging from personal to an industrial level forming to what is known today as Internet of Things (IoT). IoT-based system follows a pattern of data collection, data analytics, automation, and system improvement recommendations. However, most applications would have its own unique requirements in terms of the type of the smart devices, communication technologies as well as its application provisioning service. In order to enable an IoT-based system, various services are commercially available that provide services such as backend-as-a-service (BaaS) and software-as-a-service (SaaS) hosted in the cloud. This, in turn, raises the issues of security and privacy. However there is no plug-and-play IoT middleware framework that could be deployed out of the box for on-premise server. This paper aims at providing a lightweight IoT middleware that can be used to enable IoT applications owned by the individuals or organizations that effectively securing the data on-premise or in remote server. Specifically, the middleware with a standardized application programming interface (API) that could adapt to the application requirements through high level abstraction and interacts with the application service provider is proposed. Each API endpoint would be secured using Access Control List (ACL) and easily integratable with any other modules to ensure the scalability of the system as well as easing system deployment. In addition, this middleware could be deployed in a distributed manner and coordinate among themselves to fulfil the application requirements. A middleware is presented in this paper with GET and POST requests that are lightweight in size with a footprint of less than 1 KB and a round trip time of less than 1 second to facilitate rapid application development by individuals or organizations for securing IoT resources

MPEG-4 video transmission using distributed TDMA MAC protocol over IEEE 802.15.4 wireless technology

The issues of green technology nowadays give an inspiration to the researcher to make all the future design to be energy efficient. Medium Access Control (MAC) layer is the most effective layer to provide energy efficient due to its ability to control the physical radio directly. One of the important applications in the future is a video transmission that can be transmitted with low-cost and low power consumption. MPEG-4 is one of the international standards for moving video. MPEG-4 provide better compression and primarily design at low bit rate communication. In order to achieve good quality for video application, the design at MAC layer must be strong. Therefore, to increase the performance of the MPEG-4 in IEEE 802.15.4, in this paper we propose a cross layer design between MAC layer and Application layer. A priority queue will be implemented at MAC scheduling depends on the level of frame important in MPEG-4 format frame. A distributed Time division Multiple Access (TDMA) will be used for MAC protocol to provide reliable data transmission for high priority frame

Biologcally-inspired optimal video streaming over unpredictable wireless channel

Recently there has been an alarming increase in demand for wireless video streaming and the need to provide the required quality of service (QoS) to support video applications is very crucial. It is obvious that supporting multimedia applications and services over wireless is very challenging task due to network heterogeneity and different QoS requirements. This requires low complexity and highly efficient optimization scheme to cope with the unpredictable channel condition. This paper is aimed at developing a biologically-inspired scheme using particle swarm optimization (PSO) to achieve optimal video streaming. The optimal parameters configuration selected provide the best settings to enhance the video streaming quality over wireless LAN. The scenario has been simulated in NS-2 environment, it clearly shows that the video quality has been improve by selecting best configuration to ultimately support video application. The PSO-based approach outperforms other techniques used to compare the performance of the develop scheme in terms of perceived video quality by more than 0.5dB. The experimental simulation has been used to verify the efficiency and potential application of the PSO in wireless multimedia networks

Interference temperature measurements and spectrum occupancy evaluation in the context of cognitive radio

This paper presents a refined radio spectrum measurement platform specifically designed for spectrum occupancy surveys in the context of Cognitive radio. Cognitive radio permits the opportunistic usage of licensed bands by unlicensed users without causing harmful interference to the licensed user. In this work, a study based on the measurement of the 800 MHz to 2.4 GHz frequency band at two different locations inside Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), Johor Bahru campus, Malaysia is presented. Two Tektronix RSA306B spectrum analyzer are set up to conduct simultaneous measurements at different locations for a 24 hours period. The analysis conducted in this work is based on the real spectrum data acquired from environment in the experimental set up. Busy and idle channels were identified. The channels subject to adjacent-channel interference were also identified, and the impact of the detection threshold used to detect channel activities was also discussed. The consistency of the observed channel occupation over a range of thresholds and a sudden drop has good characteristics in determining an appropriate threshold needed in order to avoid interference

Biological inspired autonomously secure mechanism for wireless sensor networks

Wireless communication plays an important role in these days in the sector of telecommunication and has huge importance for future research. There has been an exponential growth in wireless communication due to the development of different devices and applications. In addition, there is an explosive increase in integration and convergence of different heterogonous wireless networks to ensure effective and efficient communication. These technologies primarily includes Wireless Wide Area Networks (WWANs), Wireless Local Area Networks (WLANs), Wireless Personal Area Net-works (WPANs), and the Internet. The cellular networks can be classified under the WWAN, Blue-tooth, and Ultrawide Bands classified as WPANs, and finally the WLANs and High-Performance Radio Local Area Networks (HiperLANs) belongs to the WLAN class

Prinsip kejuruteraan telekomunikasi

Telekomunikasi ialah proses penyampaian maklumat untuk jarak yang jauh, melebihi jarak yang boleh dicapai oleh suara manusia. Sejarah membuktikan manusia asalnya menyalurkan maklumat untuk jarak jauh melalui pelbagai kaedah primitif seperti menggunakan asap, bunyi atau surat sebagai perantara. Era sistem telekomunikasi moden tercetus apabila terciptanya telefon dan berkembang sehingga kepada komunikasi melalui internet. Sehubungan itu, buku ini meneroka prinsip asas sistem telekomunikasi yang merangkumi pemodulatan analog, digit dan kekunci. Konsep asas pemodulatan analog meliputi pemodulatan amplitud dan sudut, analisis isyarat dalam domain masa dan frekuensi, operasi litar penjana dan penerima, dan kesan hingar ke atas sistem pemodulatan. Perbincangan mengenai pemodulatan digit pula mencakupi teknik penukaran isyarat analog kepada digit seperti pemodulatan delta dan pemodulatan kod denyut yang melibatkan proses pensampelan, pengkuantuman dan pengekodan talian. Kaedah pemultipleksan dan pemodulatan kekunci isyarat digit turut disertakan untuk melengkapkan pengetahuan asas kejuruteraan telekomunikasi. Buku ini juga mengandungi contoh dan latihan di akhir setiap bab yang dapat membantu mengukuhkan kefahaman pembaca di samping mampu menjadi bahan rujukan bidang berkaitan